High blood pressure (hypertension): symptoms and how to control it
High blood pressure (hypertension) means the force of blood against your artery walls is consistently too high. It is often called a 'silent' condition because it usually causes no symptoms, yet it raises the risk of heart attack, stroke and kidney disease.
Symptoms and diagnosis
Most people feel completely well. Occasionally very high pressure causes headaches or breathlessness. Because symptoms are rare, hypertension is diagnosed by measuring blood pressure — ideally on more than one occasion.
What raises your risk
A high-salt diet, being overweight, inactivity, excess alcohol, smoking, stress, family history and increasing age all contribute. Some other conditions and medicines can raise blood pressure too.
How to control it
Reduce salt, eat more fruits and vegetables, stay active, maintain a healthy weight, limit alcohol and stop smoking. Many people also need regular medication. Do not stop prescribed medicines on your own — keep regular follow-ups and monitor your readings.
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Frequently asked questions
What is a normal blood pressure?
Around 120/80 mmHg is considered normal for most adults. Your doctor will interpret your readings in your context.
Does high blood pressure have symptoms?
Usually not — that is why regular checks matter, especially if you have risk factors.
Can I manage blood pressure without medicine?
Mild cases may improve with lifestyle changes, but many people need medication. Always decide this with your doctor.
This guide is general health information and not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a qualified doctor for your specific situation. In an emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest hospital.