Low back pain: causes, relief and when to seek help
Low back pain is very common and usually improves within a few weeks. Most back pain is 'mechanical' — from muscles, ligaments or posture — and not a sign of serious disease.
Common causes
Muscle strain, poor posture, long hours of sitting, heavy or awkward lifting, lack of exercise and being overweight. Age-related changes in the spine are also common.
Self-care that helps
Stay gently active — prolonged bed rest can slow recovery. Use heat or cold packs, improve your posture, take short movement breaks, and strengthen your core and back with regular exercise.
Red flags — see a doctor
Seek care if back pain follows a major injury, or comes with numbness or weakness in the legs, loss of bladder or bowel control, fever, unexplained weight loss, or pain that is severe, constant or worse at night.
Get personal advice from a verified doctor — free or discounted with your Green Health Card.
Frequently asked questions
Should I rest completely for back pain?
No. Gentle activity usually helps more than bed rest. Avoid only the movements that clearly worsen the pain.
When is back pain serious?
Leg weakness or numbness, loss of bladder/bowel control, fever, or pain after a serious injury need prompt medical attention.
Which doctor treats back pain?
Start with a general physician or orthopedic doctor; physiotherapy often helps recovery.
This guide is general health information and not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Always consult a qualified doctor for your specific situation. In an emergency, call your local emergency number or visit the nearest hospital.